electricity

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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLICY FOR BANNING INCANDESCENT LAMPS IN THE MARKETS: REVIEW OF THE GLOBAL SITUATION AND CHALLENGES FOR MOZAMBIQUE

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Nelson Manuel Alfredo Chapala 1

Cirio Muarapaz 2

Genito A. Maúre 3

INTRODUCTION

The excessive use of incandescent lamps is one of the main factors in the low energy efficiency of the residential sector in Mozambique. To remedy this situation, some countries are banning the import and sale of incandescent lamps in their markets. The article reviews the status of implementation of these actions worldwide and the challenges for Mozambique. The data is drawn from existing literature on the topic under discussion and selected according to purpose. The literature indicates that Mozambique has a program to promote energy efficient incandescent lamps, but the level of its implementation is still very low. Regarding the implementation of the policy to ban incandescent lamps, it was found that the barriers are universal, namely the lack of funding to support the policy actions, the high price of marketing energy efficient lamps, the deficit and doubtful quality of efficient lamps and the little knowledge of consumers and decision makers about the advantages of using energy efficient lamps. However, these data lead us to conclude that it is premature to think about the implementation of the policy to ban the import and sale of incandescent lamps in Mozambique, as there are actions that should be prioritized at this time, namely, the promotion of low consumption lamps, the dissemination of measures for the rational use of electricity in buildings, consumer awareness, the adoption of labels on household appliances and the drafting of specific legislation.

Keywords: Ban of incandescent lamps; energy efficiency; electricity consumption; residential use; Mozambique

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v12i2.3

1 Nelson Manuel Alfredo Chapal holds PhD, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique

2 Cirio Muarapaz is the Head of the Energy Efficiency Department at Electricidade de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique

3 Genito A. Maúre is an Assistant Professor, Head of the Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane

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THE RULE OF LAW APPROACH TO REGULATING ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN NIGERIA

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Sam Amadi*

ABSTRACT

With the transfer of government shares in 17 electricity generation and distribution companies in November 2013, Nigeria crossed the Rubicon in the privatization process. This process began in earnest in 2003 with the liberalization of the telecom sector as part of a strategic reform to improve efficiency in these utility sectors. So far, privatization has not improved the quality of service in these sectors. The problem has been traced to the failure of regulation. The major problem is that the regulatory regime had not matured before privatization. This immaturity manifests mostly in the failure to protect consumer interests. This article reviews regulatory deficits post-privatization. It assesses potential conflict between principles of market orthodoxy and those of constitutional governance and argues for a rule-of-law approach to regulation post-privatization that is focused on blending of promotion of market efficiency and protection of fundamental rights.

Keywords: Liberalization, Privatization, Regulation, Market Efficiency, Rule of Law

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v8i2.2

* LL.B (Calabar), LL.M, MPA, SJD (Harvard), Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria; formerly Chairman and Chief Executive, Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) 2010-2015. Correspondence e-mail: samadi29@yahoo.com

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POWERING NIGERIA THROUGH RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY INVESTMENTS: LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR PROGRESSIVE REALIZATION

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Peter Kayode Oniemola*

ABSTRACT

Renewable energy has a prominent role in promoting energy access and addressing environmental concerns with energy use in Nigeria. However, there are legal barriers that have not allowed renewable energy to be used in the Nigerian electricity sector. The absence of an effective legal framework to encourage and promote investment in renewable energy is a major challenge. This article investigates the barriers to promotion of investment in renewable electricity in the country. These barriers include the lack of unison and clarity of roles for institutions relevant to the promotion of renewables, high cost and lack of funds, inability of consumers to bear the cost of subsidies, lack of priority access and connection to the grid, short licensing duration, and lack of adequate and reliable information, which consumers, investors and the government can rely upon. To address these concerns, and to make investments in the renewable energy sector more favourable, there is the need to develop an effective legal framework that addresses barriers to investment in renewable electricity. This article presents insights on how the law can be used as an instrument for realizing the development of renewable electricity in Nigeria.

Keywords: Renewable, energy, power, electricity, investment, sustainable development.

Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v6i1.4

* LL.B (Ilorin), BL (Nigerian Law School), LL.M (Ibadan), PhD (Aberdeen), Legal Practitioner & Consultant email: petermola@yahoo.com.